Human Resource Processes
Core processes typically found under the Human Resources (HR) department, grouped by functional areas:
Talent Acquisition
- Workforce Planning
- Job Design and Role Profiling
- Recruitment and Sourcing
- Candidate Screening and Selection
- Onboarding and Orientation
Employee Development
- Training Needs Analysis
- Learning and Development Programs
- Performance Coaching and Mentoring
- Career Pathing and Succession Planning
Performance Management
- Goal Setting and Alignment
- Performance Appraisals
- 360-Degree Feedback
- Performance Improvement Plans (PIPs)
Compensation and Benefits
- Salary Structuring and Benchmarking
- Payroll Processing
- Incentive and Bonus Schemes
- Benefits Administration (e.g., health, retirement)
Employee Relations
- Conflict Resolution and Grievance Handling
- Employee Engagement and Satisfaction
- Disciplinary Procedures
- Workplace Culture and Communication
HR Compliance and Administration
- Policy Development and Enforcement
- HR Documentation and Record Keeping
- Labor Law Compliance
- Health, Safety, and Welfare Programs
HR Information Systems (HRIS)
- Data Management and Reporting
- HR Analytics and Dashboards
- System Integration and Automation
Supply Chain Processes
Core supply chain processes, typically grouped into strategic, tactical, and operational levels:
Demand Planning
- Forecasting customer demand
- Analyzing market trends and historical data
- Aligning demand with production and inventory
Procurement and Sourcing
- Supplier selection and evaluation
- Purchase order management
- Contract negotiation and compliance
- Supplier relationship management
Production and Manufacturing
- Production planning and scheduling
- Capacity planning
- Quality control and assurance
- Lean manufacturing and process optimization
Inventory Management
- Stock level monitoring
- Reorder point and safety stock calculation
- Warehouse layout and storage optimization
- Inventory valuation and cycle counting
Logistics and Distribution
- Transportation planning and carrier selection
- Order fulfillment and shipping
- Route optimization
- Last-mile delivery and reverse logistics
Order Management
- Order entry and processing
- Order tracking and status updates
- Customer communication and service
- Returns and refunds processing
Supply Chain Planning and Coordination
- Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP)
- Integrated business planning (IBP)
- Scenario planning and risk management
- Cross-functional collaboration
Performance Monitoring and Analytics
- Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) tracking
- Cost-to-serve analysis
- Supply chain visibility and dashboards
- Continuous improvement initiatives
Operations Processes
Here’s a breakdown of the core operations processes typically found in organizations, especially in manufacturing, service delivery, and project-based environments:
Product or Service Design
- Requirements gathering and feasibility analysis
- Prototyping and testing
- Design for manufacturability or service delivery
- Continuous improvement and innovation
Process Design and Optimization
- Workflow mapping and standard operating procedures (SOPs)
- Resource allocation and layout planning
- Lean process design and waste elimination
- Automation and digitization
Production and Service Delivery
- Scheduling and capacity planning
- Execution of production or service tasks
- Quality assurance and control
- Equipment and facility management
Quality Management
- Quality planning and standards definition
- Inspection and testing
- Root cause analysis and corrective actions
- Continuous improvement (e.g., Kaizen, Six Sigma)
Maintenance and Asset Management
- Preventive and predictive maintenance
- Equipment calibration and servicing
- Spare parts inventory management
- Downtime tracking and analysis
Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE)
- Risk assessments and hazard identification
- Compliance with safety regulations
- Emergency response planning
- Environmental impact monitoring
Performance Monitoring and Reporting
- Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) tracking
- Operational dashboards and analytics
- Benchmarking and performance reviews
- Feedback loops for continuous improvement
Finance Processes
Core finance processes typically found in organizations, structured to reflect both operational and strategic financial management:
Financial Planning and Budgeting
- Annual and quarterly budgeting
- Forecasting revenue and expenses
- Scenario and sensitivity analysis
- Capital expenditure planning
Accounting and Bookkeeping
- General ledger maintenance
- Accounts payable and receivable
- Journal entries and adjustments
- Month-end and year-end closing
Cash Flow Management
- Cash inflow and outflow tracking
- Liquidity planning
- Bank reconciliations
- Short-term investment decisions
Financial Reporting
- Income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement preparation
- Internal management reports
- External financial disclosures (e.g., for investors or regulators)
- Compliance with accounting standards (e.g., IFRS, GAAP)
Cost Management and Control
- Cost allocation and tracking
- Variance analysis (budget vs. actual)
- Cost reduction initiatives
- Break-even and profitability analysis
Tax Management
- Tax planning and optimization
- Filing and compliance with tax regulations
- VAT, payroll, and corporate tax calculations
- Liaison with tax authorities
Risk Management and Internal Controls
- Financial risk assessment (e.g., credit, market, operational)
- Implementation of internal controls
- Fraud detection and prevention
- Insurance and contingency planning
Treasury and Investment Management
- Managing bank relationships
- Debt and equity financing
- Investment portfolio management
- Foreign exchange and interest rate risk management